Lead India: December 2022

Wednesday 7 December 2022

Is Arya Samaj Marriage Certificate Is Valid To File Divorce

    

The Vedas, the oldest Hindu scriptures, is the subject of Arya Samaj's emphasis on their restoration. These marriages can be performed quickly and easily at a reasonable price. Since the Arya Samaj opposes idol worship, their weddings follow traditional Vedic customs. The Arya Samaj Marriage Validation Act of 1937 and the Hindu Marriage Act both recognize these unions. An Arya Samaj marriage also needs certain documents, unlike marriages conducted in accordance with Hindu law. The marriage certificate that the couple receives after the ceremony completes adds to the legal sanctity of the union.

Arya Samaj marriages are legally recognised thanks to the Arya Samaj Marriage Validation Act of 1937 and a few elements of the Hindu Marriage Act of 1955. To a groom who is at least 21 years old and a bride who is at least 18 years old, any Arya samaj temple will issue a certificate of marriage. The marriage ceremony follows the Vedic rites, much like the Hindu marriage (sacred fire) ceremony.

Importantly, inter-caste and inter-religious unions are permitted in an Arya Samaj union, but the partners in the union must not be Muslims, Christians, Parsis, or Jews. If non-Hindu couples want to get married, the Samaj permits them to convert through a procedure known as Shuddhi.

Benefits of opting for Arya Samaj marriage:

  • Arya Samaj marriages are a popular option for couples looking for a cost-effective wedding. These unions are simpler and less showy to carry out.Since it is not caste-centric, couples looking to perform inter-caste marriages frequently take it into consideration.
  • Legal recognition and validity of Arya Samaj marriages. As long as the right Vedic rituals are followed, couples can choose hassle-free and voluntary interfaith, intercaste, and love marriages.
  • They may be finished in 2-4 hours and are simple and quick to do. The Arya Samaj temple reservations must include documentation that adds to their authenticity.
  • Arya Samaj advocates for voluntary marriages. Coercive weddings are forbidden with the right paperwork.
  • Additionally, dowry exchange is forbidden in Arya Samaj marriages. Additionally, it stops child marriages because official records guarantee the couple's ages.
  • The egalitarian ethos is promoted by Arya Samaj marriages. "All human is human, NO CAST NO RELIGION ONLY ONE UNITED INDIA...!" is its catchphrase.
  • A certificate with evidentiary value is presented to the partners after solemnizing an Arya Samaj marriage. This certificate is given after gathering the necessary documentation and conducting religious rites. This paper aids in the marriage's registrar registration. Even after executing an Arya Samaj Marriage, a marriage must be officially registered.

The Legality of Arya Samaj Marriage Certificate:

The marriage is not legally registered just because an Arya samaj marriage certificate was produced. After receiving the certificate from Arya Samaj, the marriage must be registered in accordance with the relevant laws at the office of the sub-divisional magistrate.

According to a story in India Today, if the bride and groom are both Hindus, the Hindu Marriage Act applies, whereas other religions may require the Special Marriage Act. However, the Supreme Court recently commented on the invalid status of Arya Samaj marriage certificates, and the validity of such weddings is still up for debate before the top court. So, Arya Samaj's marriage certificate will not be valid to file for divorce.

Case Laws:

  • During a hearing on an accused's request for bail after an FIR was filed accusing him of kidnapping and raping a minor, the Supreme Court rejected a marriage certificate given by Arya Samaj.
  • The Allahabad High Court ruled that a marriage certificate issued by the Arya Samaj Society was insufficient to establish a marriage's validity. A habeas corpus petition submitted by a man named Bhola Singh, who claimed that his wife was being kept illegally hostage by her father, was denied by a single bench of the court. Singh presented a marriage license provided by the Arya Samaj to support his assertion that their union was solemnized in accordance with religious traditions.

If a couple wants to have a hassle-free, affordable marriage, an Arya Samaj marriage may be a good alternative. Marriage is celebrated across the nation and is conducted in accordance with Vedic rites. The document you receive after the marriage is solemnized may also make the marriage registration process simpler.

In cases of filing for divorce, it is advisable to appoint a lawyer. If the person lives in Mumbai then Divorce Lawyers in Mumbai can be appointed. A Divorce Lawyer in Ghaziabad can also be appointed if the person lives in Ghaziabad.

At lead India also you can seek free legal advice. You can freely talk to lawyer and clarify your doubts. You can also ask questions to experts online for free here. We have lawyers who have expertise in their areas of law.

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How To Save Society By Fake Sc/St Act Cases

The SC/ST Act won't ever be thought of as a successful piece of legislation. Dalits and tribes continue to be discriminated against. The misuse of the Act's provisions against innocent persons, on the other hand, is a serious concern. According to the Supreme Court of India, some people are using the SC/ST Act as a "blackmail" weapon to exact "vengeance" and pursue their own interests.

Caste has long been the most important component of Indian religion and social life. Originally, a person's caste was based on their employment, but later, caste became inherited and immutable. The caste system allowed the lower caste to be suppressed while providing several advantages to the upper castes. Through the fundamental right to equality (Articles 14–18), particularly Article 17 which forbids the practice of untouchability, the Indian constitution sought to remedy historical injustices and provide the underprivileged with a level playing field after independence.

Laws intended to safeguard SCs and STs, such as the Protection of Civil Rights Act of 1955 and the IPC, were unable to stop or stop the atrocities committed against them. In reaction to this situation, the Parliament passed the Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (Prevention of Atrocities) Act (POA) in 1989. The fundamental objective of the POA is to empower SC and ST people to lead upright and prosperous lives by actively pursuing justice on their behalf.

Types of Atrocities:

  • Honour Killing: Honor killing is a severe case of moral policing. When their son or daughter marries someone outside of their caste, people frequently commit this heinous crime out of fear of losing their caste status, which grants them access to several benefits.
  • Conflicts between castes: Atrocities have increased as a result of the impression of Dalits' upward mobility, which has been attributed to confrontations with higher castes.
  • Scavenging by hand: Hand scavenging has a caste system connection because it was traditionally the responsibility of the "poor castes." Notably, there are an increasing number of deaths among manual scavengers who are caring for septic tanks and sewage treatment facilities in a number of Indian states. The Supreme Court took manual scavenging and the deaths of SC/ST workers seriously, and as a result, declared that no country in the world sends people to "gas chambers to die."
  • Social exclusion: Due to the exclusion of Dalits from society, Khap panchayats and caste panchayats regularly act as the scene of crimes committed against them. The Law Commission drafted the Prohibition of Unlawful Assembly (Interference with the Freedom of Matrimonial Alliances) Bill, 2011, which sought to declare khap panchayats illegal.

The 1989 Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (Prevention of Atrocities) Act's key components:

Creation of new offences not covered by the Indian Penal Code or the Protection of Civil Rights Act of 1955 (IPC). The Scheduled Castes and Tribes are the targets of crimes that carry harsh penalties. Victims are granted certain rights and safeguards. It creates Special Courts and Special Public Prosecutors to expedite case resolution. Committing crimes just with specific individuals (by non-SCs on SCs and non-STs on STs). Punishment for non-SC/ST public servants who breach their duties. Refusal to grant anticipatory bail offers recompense, relief, and rehabilitation to victims of atrocities or their rightful heirs. Federal, state, and district monitoring programs are obligatory and ongoing. The locations of atrocity-prone zones.

Case Laws:

In SubhashKashinath Mahajan v. Maharashtra State (Review of SC/ST Prevention of Atrocities Act) Case, the Supreme Court stated that the SC/ST Prevention of Atrocities Act (PoA act) is being misused and that action must be done to curb this misuse. The Act has been exploited to target innocent people and government employees for political and personal gain, the Supreme Court further stated. A report from the Parliamentary Standing Committee, which called for the addition of a clause in the POA act to safeguard people who are falsely accused, lends support to this argument.

By shortening the duration of trials, abuse of the Act can be stopped. The SC/ST commission should set up a countrywide hotline for any caste-based abuse. State protections for witnesses. The government should make strong efforts to improve the participation of members of the SC/ST community in decision-making and administrative processes. increasing awareness of the numerous legal alternatives and rights that the underprivileged group has access to.

In cases of fake sc/st act cases, it is advisable to consult a lawyer. Top Lawyers In Mumbai can be consulted if the person lives in Mumbai. Top Lawyers In Delhi can also be consulted if the person lives in Delhi. A Lawyer In Delhi can give you the best advice.

In such cases, you can also consult lawyers in Lead India. You can ask a legal question here regarding fake sc/st cases. You can talk to a lawyer and clear your doubts. We also provide free legal advice.

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Monday 5 December 2022

What Are The Strong Grounds For Divorce?

India views marriage as a sacred union between two people, which is why there is a lengthy process involved in getting married, as well as strict religious laws and beliefs that must be observed. Because of how unique and important the union was, it was formerly thought that being married and keeping it for the rest of one's life was God's will. As civilization evolves, so do people's perspectives on the world. As a result, the idea of marriage changed from what it was initially supposed to be. Marriage is now more than ever seen as a social institution that upholds the custom of raising children.

Every year, on average, between 3000 and 5000 matrimonial cases are filed in each District/Family court, especially in urban areas. With this, one may evaluate how the idea of marriage has evolved over time. Looking at the situation, we can identify a few grounds why divorce cases are increasing in India.
Pursuant to the Hindu Marriage Act of 1955, grounds for divorce are:
  • Adultery: Adultery is the act of engaging in any type of sexual connection, including extramarital partnerships. Adultery is considered a criminal conduct, and strong evidence is needed to prove it. One act of adultery is all that the petitioner needs to do to be eligible for divorce, according to a 1976 legislative change.
  • Cruelty: When a spouse suffers any form of mental or physical harm that puts their life, limb, or health in danger, they have the right to apply for divorce. Instead of one act, the intangible cruelties inflicted by mental torture are evaluated based on a succession of occurrences. Cruelty includes things like depriving someone of food, abusing them continue to get dowry, engaging in perverted sexual behavior, etc.
  • Desertion: The abandoned spouse may apply for divorce on the grounds of desertion if the other spouse voluntarily deserts them for at least two years.
  • Conversion: The other spouse may file for divorce on this basis if one of the two decides to convert to a different religion.
  • Mental disorder: If the petitioner's spouse has an incurable mental illness or is insane, it can be argued that mental disorder is a reason for divorce because the couple cannot reasonably expect the person to remain in the relationship.
  • Renunciation: If one spouse joins a religious order and renounces all worldly affairs, the other spouse may file for divorce.
  • Venereal Disease: The other spouse has the right to petition for divorce if the other spouse has a serious, contagious illness. AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases fall under the category of venereal infections.
  • Leprosy: If one spouse has a "virulent and incurable" form of leprosy, the other spouse may file a petition on their behalf.
  • Not Heard Alive: A person is assumed to be dead if they are not seen or heard by those who would normally be "naturally heard" of them for a continuous period of seven years. If one spouse wants to remarry, the other spouse should be compelled to petition for divorce.
  • No Resumption of Cohabitation: If the couple doesn't start living together again after the court has issued a decree of separation, it becomes grounds for divorce.
Following are the reasons for divorce in India for which only the woman may submit:
  • If the husband has engaged in bestiality, sodomy, or rape.
  • The first wife may file for divorce if the union was consummated prior to the passage of the Hindu Marriage Act and the husband afterwards wed a different lady while the first wife was still living.
  • If a girl marries before the age of fifteen and divorces her spouse before becoming eighteen, she is legally authorized to do so.
  • The wife may file for divorce if there has been no cohabitation for a year and the husband disregards the maintenance order granted to her by the court.
For divorce, it is important to appoint a lawyer. If the person lives in Ahmedabad then Divorce lawyer in Ahmedabad should be appointed. If the person lives in Mumbai then Divorce lawyers in Mumbai should be appointed. Likewise, Divorce lawyers Delhi should be appointed if the person lives in Delhi.

At Lead India, we offer a range of expertise and legal services and free legal advice online designed to resolve the issue. Ask a legal question online free and talk to a lawyer to get the best advice here. Our team of attorneys understands the ins and outs of the law, helping you make informed decisions about the grounds of divorce.

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Sunday 4 December 2022

How to File Contested Divorce Online?

 The laws governing divorce by mutual consent, divorce in general and the divorce procedure are influenced by religion in India, as they are with the majority of private concerns. The Hindu Marriage Act of 1955 governs the divorce process for Hindus, Buddhists, Sikhs, and Jains. The Dissolution of Muslim Marriages Act of 1939 governs divorce for Muslims. The Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act of 1936 govern divorce for Parsis. The Indian Divorce Act of 1869 governs divorce for Christians. The Special Marriage Act of 1956 regulates all civil and intercommunity weddings as well as the divorce process.

Couples who have been living apart or believe their marriage is finished due to other circumstances may satisfy the court to obtain the decree of separation by mutual consent by submitting a petition for divorce and going through the divorce process. According to Section 13-B, which addresses mutual consent divorce, a petition for the dissolution of the marriage by a decree of divorce by mutual consent may be presented to the district court if the parties have been living separately for at least a year and agree to end their marriage by way of mutual consent divorce. It is occasionally referred to as "No-fault divorce."
Despite the fact that courts may interpret these grounds broadly, Section 13 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 specifies the grounds for divorce. Remember that divorce is not often supported or encouraged by the court and is only granted for very significant and grave grounds when interpreting Section 13's requirements. When assessing Clause 13(1)(i), courts found that "continuing a marriage would be cruelty within the sense of this section when the marriage is dead, emotionally and practically, and there is no hope of it being retrieved."
Right now, there is no such procedure for filing an online contested divorce. Contested divorce includes a lot of procedures which are offline and which need to be followed.

Procedure:
  • You must decide what you want. You need to decide if the time is suitable for it. Think again. Consider carefully.
  • You should look for a reputable divorce attorney. He ought to be an authority on the subject, trustworthy, and commanding in court. Meet your attorney. You honestly discuss the situation with him. You must choose a divorce lawyer or divorce law business after your meeting. The Contested Divorce Petition is then drafted by your divorce attorney.
  • Before the Family Court, a divorce petition is filed.
  • Your divorce case is scheduled for a first hearing, also known as an admission hearing, after you file. The Court notifies or summons the opposing party.
  • Your spouse must submit a written statement or reply. The court may continue the case without your spouse if he or she refuses to appear in court after receiving a summons. Ex parte divorce proceedings are a phrase that is regularly used.
  • Courts define problems. The Family Court's points of adjudication are called issues. On these points/issues, the parties provide their evidence. Not on everything, either.
  • The spouse who submitted the contested divorce petition first files the evidence. During cross-examination, the other party's counsel asks the witnesses questions.
  • This is followed by the Respondent's evidence.
  • Following both parties' testimony, the case is scheduled for closing arguments.
  • The case is scheduled for decision after the Court hears closing arguments.
  • When the matter is successfully proven, a divorce decision is issued.
Place of filing divorce:
Either of the following locations may be used to file a contested divorce case:
  • The location of the marriage
  • The location of the couple's most recent joint residence C.
  • The address of the respondent (the other party) D.
  • If the wife is filing for a disputed divorce, the location of the woman at the time the petition is filed.
It has been abundantly evident as we have examined the stages of proceedings and reasons for a contested divorce that they are essentially the same for spouses who are subject to different religious traditions and their own marriage laws. However, some grounds are only covered by a few Acts and are not covered by other laws. The possibility of reconciliation must be taken into consideration by the parties in light of the protracted nature of the legal process and its procedural shortcomings.
For contested divorce one needs to appoint a lawyer. If the couple or any one of the persons lives in Kolkata then divorce lawyers in Kolkata can be appointed. Likewise, Divorce lawyers in Jaipur can be appointed if the person lives in Jaipur. You can also take free legal advice from lawyers.

Lead India provides a wide range of expertise and legal services. You can ask a legal question about divorce here. To get the best advice, speak with a lawyer. Our legal team understands the law and can assist you in making informed decisions. Our legal team also offers free legal advice online.

Call Us: +91-8800788535

Is Arya Samaj Marriage Certificate Is Valid To File Divorce

     The Vedas, the oldest Hindu scriptures, is the subject of Arya Samaj's emphasis on their restoration. These marriages can be perfor...